Refractory materials in the main component refers to the vast majority of the chemical composition of the material at high temperatures play a decisive role. Refractory materials have excellent resistance to high-temperature performance, as well as many refractory materials and each has its own characteristics, completely or basically depends on the main components. Therefore, the main components of refractory materials, pay full attention. Usually, the refractory materials according to the chemical composition of the classification, as well as many of the same material refractory materials are divided into a number of grades, are based on the type of the main component and its content or more or less. The main components of refractories are monomers or compounds with high melting or decomposition temperatures that have high lattice energies. It is required to form stable minerals with excellent performance in the process of refractory production or service, with higher reserves in nature and easier to extract and utilize. In the earth's crust in the distribution of more, can be used as the main component of the refractory material is mainly oxide. In addition, there are some carbides, nitrides, silicides and borides, can also be used as the main component of refractory materials.

  Now, the production and use of a wider range of refractory materials chemical mineral composition is mainly Al2O3, BeO, Cr203, MgO, CaO, SiO2, ThO2, TiO2, UO2, ZrO2 and other oxides and SiC, WC, B4C and other carbides, as well as AIN, Si3N4 and other nitrides.

  Refractory impurities in some of the fusible, some have a high melting point, but with the coexistence of the main ingredients, but can produce fusible. Therefore, the presence of impurities is often the main component of the strong fluxing effect. Fluxing effect sometimes helps the liquid phase sintering material, but the material resistance to high temperatures is a serious danger. The stronger the fluxing effect, that is, due to the presence of impurities, the system began to form the lower the temperature of the liquid phase, or the formation of the liquid phase of the amount of the more, or with the increase in temperature the liquid phase of the amount of the faster the growth rate, as well as the formation of the liquid phase of the lower viscosity and wettability of the better, the more serious the harm. It can be seen that if Na2O and SiO2 coexist, due to the beginning of the formation of the liquid phase of the temperature is very low, so the refractories with SiO2 as the main component, if a small amount of Na2O, can bring serious harm to its high temperature properties. If SiO2, the main component of refractories containing Al2O3 and TiO2, although SiO2-Al2O3 and SiO2-TiO2 two systems of eutectic temperature is similar, respectively, 1595 degree and 1550 degree , but in the eutectic temperature of the system per 1% impurity oxides generated by the amount of the liquid phase is The difference is large, the former is about 1.9 times of the latter. Moreover, with the increase of temperature, this difference is even greater, such as at 1600 degree , about 2.3 times. Therefore, the impurity Al2O3 has a stronger melting effect on SiO2 than TiO2. Aluminum oxide is very harmful to the high temperature performance of siliceous refractories. In addition, when the impurity coexists with the main component, if the resulting liquid phase viscosity is low, and the viscosity decreases faster with increasing temperature and the better the wettability, the more serious harm to the refractory material.

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